Loading cost of the first year
6 mandatory lines are not published, so any total would be smaller than the truth by an unknown amount. The lines we do hold add to €0.
Named individually, because “roughly €12,000” is the answer that costs a student their savings. These are the questions still to ask.
No first-year total is shown: Visa fee, Proof of funds, Application fee, Residence permit, Tuition, Semester contribution are not published by any source we hold, and a total that treats a missing cost as zero is worse than no total.